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Hong-wu: Year 27, Month 1, Day 14

14 Feb 1394

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The people were prohibited from using fan aromatics and fan goods. Previously, because the various overseas yi had been deceitful, the Emperor ordered that they be stopped from having intercourse with China. Only Ryukyu, Cambodia and Siam were permitted to come and offer tribute. However, the coastal people often privately went to these fan places and traded for aromatics and other goods. Thereby, they induced the man and yi to become pirates. The Ministry of Rites was ordered to strictly prohibit and cut off such trading. Anyone who dared to privately go to trade with the various fan would be subject to the heaviest penalty of the law. It was forbidden to trade in any fan aromatics or fan goods. Those who had these goods were given three months to dispose of them all. In their prayers and sacrifices, the people were only allowed to use pine, cedar, maple and peach aromatic woods, with offenders being subject to punishment. As to the aromatic woods produced in Guang-dong/Guang-xi, the local people were to be allowed to use them, but these woods were not allowed to be sold beyond the ranges (越嶺). It was considered that in the market these aromatic woods might be mixed with fan aromatics and that was the reason they too were prohibited.

Tai-zu: juan 231.2a-b

Zhong-yang Yan-jiu yuan Ming Shi-lu, volume 8, page 3373/74

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Preferred form of citation for this entry:

Geoff Wade, translator, Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu: an open access resource, Singapore: Asia Research Institute and the Singapore E-Press, National University of Singapore, http://epress.nus.edu.sg/msl/reign/hong-wu/year-27-month-1-day-14, accessed January 22, 2019