The Excavation Units

Goh Geok Yian, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, and John Miksic, National University of Singapore

20 October 2020

The site plan shows the units which were excavated at Colombo Court between November and December 2000.

Description of the soil layers observed at the CCT site.
Description of the soil layers observed at the CCT site.Credit: John Miksic

(S stands for “spit”, an artificial layer 10 cm thick; S10 indicates a depth of 90-100 cm below ground level. “Lot” indicates a natural soil layer)

Square ISquare II
Square I D1S10 Lot 1
S10 Lot 2 (brown soil layer)
S11 Lot 1 (yellow clay layer)
Lot 2 (dark soil)
Square II-1
Square I D2Quick Test Pit: S8-10:
(This was dug in part of the unit to ascertain the
suitability of the location for systematic excavation)
S09
S11
Square II-2
Square I D3S07 (wall)
S10 (wall)
Square II-4
Square I E1S07
S08
S10
S11
S12
Square I E2S08
S09
S10
Square I E3S08–09
S10
Square I F1S09
S10
S11
Square I F2S09
S10
Square I F3S09

Conditions were less than optimal for excavation. Excavation was often interrupted by weather and the need to avoid areas or leave the site where construction work was in progress. Ground water often rose to a depth of 1 metre below the surface. Main research took place in November and December 2000, the rainy season, so the pits often were inundated by rainwater, which also made maintenance of soil profiles difficult. The excavation had to be halted at the end of December 2000. Despite these drawbacks, the site produced enough evidence to conclude that this area had been inhabited in the Temasek period.

Colonial era artifacts recovered from the site are also useful for reconstructing the nature of the activities in the nineteenth century, before substantial structures such as shophouses were built on the site and roads were paved, halting the deposition of artifacts.

Supported by the National Heritage Board, Singapore. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Heritage Board, Singapore.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25717/304q-mx31